Aashurah aur Arbaein naam rakhne ka sabab | is ke baateni wa asli maani | 40 ka adad

Sawaal az : mohtaram janaab Anis abbas sb (kolkata)

Bhai 10th muharram ko ashura kyu kahte hain ?
Aur chehlum ko arbaeen kyu kahte hain ?

Jawaab :

باسمه تعالى
ياصاحب الزمان ادركنا
سلام عليكم

Aashurah ke lafzi maani :

Aashurah arabi ginti (adad) ka lafz hai jo "Asharah" (عَشَرَة) se bana hai jis ke lafzi maani das (10) hain

Aashurah ke istelaahi maani :

islaami taqwim ke mahine, moharramur haraam ki daswin taarikh jis din Imaam Husain aur aap ke baa'wafa as'haab (سلام الله عليهم) ko shahid kiya gaya (Imaam Husain ... عليه السلام ke shahid hone ka din)

Aashurah ki waj'he tasmiyah :

moharram ki daswin taarikh ko Aashurah kahne ki 2 waj'hen aur sabab bataa'ae ga'ae hain :

1. jaysa ke arz kiya "Aashurah", "Asharah" ba fathe ain (عَشَرَة بَفَتح عین) se hai jis ke maani das (10) hain



Aashurah yaani Moharram ki daswin taarikh, Moharram ki daswin taarikh me Imaam Husain aur aap ke as'haab (صلوات الله عليهم) ko shahid kiya gaya is liae 10 Moharram ko roze Aashurah kaha jaata hai yaani ginti aur adad ke aetebaar se Imaam Husain ... ( عليه السلام ) ke shahid hone ke din ko Aashurah kahte hain




hamaare darmeyaan yahi wajah mash'hur hai



2. aek lafz hai "Eishr" ba kasre ain (عِشر بکسر عین) jo "Eishrah" (عِشرَة) se bana hai jis ke maani "Mo'aasharat (mil jul kar zindagi karna) aur "Mosaahabat" (saath rahna)" hai



"Eishr" ka isme faa'ael "Aashir" (عَاشِر) (saath rahne waala, rafaaqat wa dosti karne waala) hai




Qur'aan kareem me is maani ki taraf aeshaarah bhi huaa hai




Surah Nesa Aayat 19 me hai :




... عَاشِرُوهُنَّ بِالمَعرُوف ...




"...oun (auraton) ke saath ach'chhe tariqe se (husne moaasharat ke saath) zindagi basar karo..."




Surah Haj Aayat 13 me hai :




... لَبِئسَ العَشِير




"...yaqinan bure rafiq wa saathi hain"




"Ashir" ke maani dost, rafiq, ham'nashin aur saathi ke hain

jaysa ke oupar bayaan kiya gaya "Aashurah", "Eishr" se bana hai (maakhuz hai) "Aashur" ous shakhs ko kahte hain jis ki khususiyat aur khaslat (aadat wa sirat) mo'aasharat hai. "Aashura" ous ke liae istemaal hota hai jis me mo'aasharat, rafaaqat aur mosaahabat ki taraf maa'ael wa raaghib hone ka jazba numaayaan ho aur jis ko wo chaahta hai ous se moaasharat ka izhaar kare

waazeh rahe ke lafze "Aashurah" mobaalaghah (مبالغہ) hai jis ka matlab hai "kisi shakhs ke saath mo'aasharat aur rafaaqat ki khaahish ka shadid hona"

Moharram ki daswin taarikh me Imaam Husain ke baa'wafa as'haab (سلام الله عليهم) ke dilon me saathi banne ka jazbah oruj par tha, is ki aarzu wa tamanna bahot zeyaadah shadid thi, mosalsal is ka izhaar bhi karte the

Aakheri saans tak aap ke ham'rekaab rahe lehaaza Aashurah Imaam Husain (عليه السلام) se moaasharat ka din hai

isi wajah se Moharram ki daswin taarikh ko "Aashurah" kaha jaata hai

[is waqt bhi jis ke dil me Imaam Husain (عليه السلام) ki zarrah baraabar mohabbat hai wo Roze Aashurah is mohabbat ka izhaar karta hai]

mera kheyaal ye hai ke dusri wajah aur sabab zeyaadah monaasib hai aur pahli wajah ghalat, keyon ke agar Aashurah ka matlab arabi ginti (adade 10) maan len to har mahine ki daswin taarikh ko Aashurah kahna chahiae masalan Maahe Safar ki daswin taarikh ko "Aashurah" kahna chaahiae dar'haaleke aysa nahi hai, Moharram ki sirf daswin taarikh ko hi Aashurah kaha jaata hai lehaaza "Aashurah" adad nahi hai

zehn nashin rahe ke eilme reyaazi (eilme hesaab) ke bunyaadi osul nahi tut'te hain

agar "Aashurah" adad hota to baqiyah aadaad ko isi qaa'aede ke motaabiq hona chaahiae yaani baqiyah aadaad ko bhi isi tarah hona chaahiae, masalan saatwin taarikh ko "saabe" (سابع) ke bajaa'ae "saabuaa" (سابوعا) aur aathwin taarikh ko "saamin" (ثامن) ke bajaa'ae "saamuna" (ثامونا) (bar wazne aashurah) kahna chaahiae jab ke aysa nahi hai

dusre ye ke har nabi ko "Aashurah" se aagaah kiya gaya tha is ki khabar sab ko di gaei thi

ous waqt islaami taqwim ke mahine (hijri qamari) Moharramur haraam waghairah the hi nahi, jab Maahe Moharram nahi tha to Aasurah se moraad, arabi ginti (adad) ke aetebaar se daswin moharram ka sawaal hi payda nahi hota

Arbaein ke maani :

Arbaein arabi ginti (adad) ka lafz hai jis ka lafzi matlab 40 hai aur eistelaah me kisi ki maut ke 39 din baad ous ki yaad me manaane waale din ko kaha jaata hai, is ko chehlum aur chaaliswaan bhi kaha jaata hai

Chehlum ko Arbaein kahne ki wajah :

Roze Aashurah ke 39 din baad yaani chaaliswen roz, Maahe Safar ki biswin taarikh ko Imaam Husain aur aap ke baa'wafa as'haab (سلام الله علیهم) ki yaad aur gham manaate hain is liae chehlum ko "Arbaeine Husaini" kaha jaata hai

is ke zariae Imaame Aali maqaam ke azim aur khodaaei maqsad ko zindah rakhte hain

Note :

10 moharram ke din Imaam Husain aur aap ke as'haabe baa'wafa (سلام الله عليهم) ki shahaadat huei lehaaza baaz log kahte hain ke is din se le kar 20 safar tak 41 roz huae (Moharram ke 20 din me 10 Moharram aur Safar ke 20 roz aezaafa kar den to majmu'an 41 din huae) lehaaza "Arbaein" 19 Safar me manaana chaahiae

is ka jawaab ye hai ke agar Moharram ka mahina 29 din ka huaa hoga to maahe Safar ke biswen din 40 roz huae 41 roz nahi lehaaza 20 Safar Roze Arbaein hai
aur agar Moharram ka mahina 30 roz ka huaa hoga to chunke Imaam Husain aur bahot saare as'haab (سلام الله عليهم) ki shahaadat baad az zohr aur waqte asr (yaani din ke aakheri hisse me) huei thi is liae 10 Moharram ko shaamil nahi kiya gaya (ous din ka shomaar nahi hoga) is aetebaar se bhi Maahe Safar ke biswen din 40 roz huae lehaaza 20 Safar ke din "Arbaein" hai, mazkurah baala bayaan ke peshe nazar Arbaein se mota'alliq makhsus aamaal 20 Safar ko baja laa'aen

dusre ye ke har zaahir ka aek baatin hai, 20 Safar me aiyse asraar wa romuz poshidah hain jis se ham waaqif nahi

Arbaein lafz ka zikr quraan aur ahaadis me bahot hu'aa hai, ye lafz intehaaei moqaddas hai, is adad me aiyse asraar poshidah hain aur khosusiyaten hain jo kisi aur aadaad me nahi hain

is taarikh me jo waaqe'aat huae ous ko nazar'andaaz karte huae bas aetna batla dun ke aksar ambiya 40 saal ki oumr me Maqaame Nabu'wat wa resaalat par faa'aez huae

Kohe Tur par hazrat Musa ki monaajaat ki muddat 40 raaten thin

Namaaze Shab me 40 momin ke liae doa karna mustahab hai

40 dino tak aekhlaas ke saath kaam karne ki talqin ki gaei hai

40 hadisen yaad karne ke liae bhi kaha gaya hai aur insaan ki aql 40 saal ki oumr me kaamil hoti hai ...

Aashurah ke baad aasmaan ne Imaam Husain (علیه السلام) ki mosibat par 40 dino tak khun ke aansu bahaa'ae

40 roz tak zamin ne girya kiya, suraj ne 40 roz tak gham manaaya wa girya kiya aur malaa'aekah ne bhi 40 dino tak aap ki mosibat par noha wa maatam kiya ...

Zeyaarate Arbaein momin ki alaamat wa neshaani hai

والسلام

Syed Shamshad Ali Katokhari
khaadim-e-edaara-e-darul itrat Azim Aabaat / Patna - shoba-e-sawaalaat Qum /Iran

۔19 / صفر / 1443 ھ.ق

شب اربعین امام حسین اور اصحاب با وفا ( سلام الله علیهم )۔

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